Elements that exhibit similar chemistry appear in vertical columns called groups (numbered 1–18 from left to right) the seven horizontal rows are called periods. It arranges of the elements in order of increasing atomic number. The periodic table is used as a predictive tool. As expected, semimetals exhibit properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals. Most solid nonmetals are brittle, so they break into small pieces when hit with a hammer or pulled into a wire. Nonmetals can be gases (such as chlorine), liquids (such as bromine), or solids (such as iodine) at room temperature and pressure. Nonmetals, in contrast, are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity and are not lustrous. Of the metals, only mercury is a liquid at room temperature and pressure all the rest are solids. The vast majority of the known elements are metals. Metals-such as copper or gold-are good conductors of electricity and heat they can be pulled into wires because they are ductile they can be hammered or pressed into thin sheets or foils because they are malleable and most have a shiny appearance, so they are lustrous. The distinction between metals and nonmetals is one of the most fundamental in chemistry. Gold-colored lements that lie along the diagonal line exhibit properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals they are called semimetals. \) divides the elements into metals (in blue, below and to the left of the line) and nonmetals (in bronze, above and to the right of the line).
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